Charts and Graphs · Chapter 21

What “Up To” Really Means

“Up to” is the single best case. The average and the middle item tell you what a sale is really like.

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Opens on Chapter 21’s example: the competitor’s flyer: 120 items, “up to 70% off”.

The sale
Two sizes
A star rating
Enter your numbers, then press Calculate.

How it works

The average discount weights each tier by how many items carry it: Σ(tier × items) ÷ all items. The median is the discount on the middle item. “40% more” of a product means more ounces, not a better deal: compare price ÷ size. A new review moves an average by (new − average) ÷ (reviews + 1), a lot when there are few reviews.

From the book, Chapter 21. Only 2.5% of the items are 70% off; the average discount is 16.75% and the middle item’s is 10%. The 14 oz pack is 40% more product for 50.8% more money: $0.70 an ounce against $0.65. One 1-star review takes 7 reviews averaging about 4.9 to 4.38, but 2,300 averaging 4.6 only to 4.598. Every chapter and its calculator →

Rounding is half up, the way the book rounds. Numbers can be typed as 1,450, $38, 12% or 2.5 million. Everything stays in your browser: no sign-up, nothing stored or sent.